{"id":38984,"date":"2023-05-24T14:56:08","date_gmt":"2023-05-24T11:56:08","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/milvus.ro\/?p=38984"},"modified":"2023-05-24T14:57:03","modified_gmt":"2023-05-24T11:57:03","slug":"az-intenziv-mezogazdasag-vezetett-a-madarpopulaciok-csokkenesehez-europaban","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/milvus.ro\/hu\/az-intenziv-mezogazdasag-vezetett-a-madarpopulaciok-csokkenesehez-europaban\/","title":{"rendered":"Az intenz\u00edv mez\u0151gazdas\u00e1g vezetett a mad\u00e1rpopul\u00e1ci\u00f3k cs\u00f6kken\u00e9s\u00e9hez Eur\u00f3p\u00e1ban"},"content":{"rendered":"

A rovarirt\u00f3 szerek<\/strong> \u00e9s m\u0171tr\u00e1gy\u00e1k<\/strong> fokozott haszn\u00e1lata az eur\u00f3pai mad\u00e1rpopul\u00e1ci\u00f3k cs\u00f6kken\u00e9s\u00e9t<\/strong> hozta mag\u00e1val, k\u00fcl\u00f6n\u00f6sen a rovarokkal t\u00e1pl\u00e1lkoz\u00f3 fajok eset\u00e9ben. Erre a k\u00f6vetkeztet\u00e9sre jutottak a szak\u00e9rt\u0151k egy tanulm\u00e1nyban, amely 28 eur\u00f3pai orsz\u00e1g <\/strong>adatait elemezte.<\/p>

„Ez, a valaha gy\u0171jt\u00f6tt leg\u00e1tfog\u00f3bb adathalmaz, amely az \u00e9ghajlat \u00e9s a f\u00f6ldhaszn\u00e1lat-v\u00e1ltoz\u00e1s sz\u00e1mos param\u00e9ter\u00e9nek a mad\u00e1rpopul\u00e1ci\u00f3kra gyakorolt relat\u00edv hat\u00e1s\u00e1t m\u00e9ri. Gondoljunk csak bele: ez 170 fajt jelent, amelyeket Eur\u00f3pa-szerte 20 000 helysz\u00ednen 37 \u00e9ven kereszt\u00fcl k\u00f6vettek!” <\/em>– mondja Stanislas Rigal<\/strong>, a tanulm\u00e1ny szerz\u0151je.<\/p>

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A t\u00falzott vegyszerhaszn\u00e1lat els\u0151sorban a rovarokkal t\u00e1pl\u00e1lkoz\u00f3 madarakat \u00e9rinti.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n
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A nagy kiterjed\u00e9s\u0171 monokult\u00far\u00e1kon csup\u00e1n n\u00e9h\u00e1ny mad\u00e1rfaj tud meg\u00e9lni, kis egyedsz\u00e1mban<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/figure>

A felm\u00e9r\u00e9s legjelent\u0151sebb meg\u00e1llap\u00edt\u00e1sa, hogy az intenz\u00edv mez\u0151gazdas\u00e1g els\u0151sorban a madarak diverzit\u00e1s\u00e1t k\u00e1ros\u00edtja<\/strong>. Az intenz\u00edv gazd\u00e1lkod\u00e1s, ahol rovarirt\u00f3 szereket \u00e9s m\u0171tr\u00e1gy\u00e1kat haszn\u00e1lnak a mez\u0151gazdas\u00e1gi ter\u00fcleteken \u00e9l\u0151 fajokat \u00e9rinti legink\u00e1bb. Eur\u00f3p\u00e1ban 1980 \u00e9s 2016 k\u00f6z\u00f6tt a mez\u0151gazdas\u00e1gi ter\u00fcleteken \u00e9l\u0151 madarak \u00e1llom\u00e1nya \u00e1tlagosan 60%-al cs\u00f6kkent<\/strong>, \u00edgy a felm\u00e9rt gyakori mad\u00e1rfajok k\u00f6z\u00fcl ezen fajok szenvedt\u00e9k el a legkomolyabb \u00e1llom\u00e1nycs\u00f6kken\u00e9st. Az erdei fajok eset\u00e9ben a cs\u00f6kken\u00e9s 17,7%-os<\/strong>, a v\u00e1rosi ter\u00fcleteken \u00e9l\u0151 fajok popul\u00e1ci\u00f3ja pedig k\u00f6zel 28%-kal cs\u00f6kkent<\/strong>.<\/p>

\"\"
Pirossal a cs\u00f6kken\u00e9s, k\u00e9kkel az enyhe n\u00f6veked\u00e9s az egyes eur\u00f3pai orsz\u00e1gokban a mez\u0151gazdas\u00e1gi ter\u00fcleten k\u00f6lt\u0151 madarak eset\u00e9ben. A kelet-eur\u00f3pai orsz\u00e1gokban az enyhe n\u00f6veked\u00e9s is kezd \u00e1tfordulni cs\u00f6kken\u00e9sbe az ut\u00f3bbi \u00e9vekben.<\/figcaption><\/figure>

Az \u00e1llom\u00e1nycs\u00f6kken\u00e9st tov\u00e1bb\u00e1 befoly\u00e1solja az \u00e9ghajlati t\u00e9nyez\u0151k<\/strong> \u00e9s a m\u0171vel\u00e9sbe vont ter\u00fcletek n\u00f6veked\u00e9se<\/strong>. Az azonban tov\u00e1bbra is vitatott k\u00e9rd\u00e9s, hogy a fajok hogyan reag\u00e1lnak ezekre a nyom\u00e1sokra, \u00e9s mely fajok a domin\u00e1nsabbak.<\/p>

A tanulm\u00e1ny szerz\u0151i felh\u00edvj\u00e1k a figyelmet a mez\u0151gazdas\u00e1gi gyakorlatok ellen\u0151rz\u00e9s\u00e9re <\/strong>\u00e9s szigor\u00fa szab\u00e1lyoz\u00e1s\u00e1ra <\/strong>vonatkoz\u00f3 d\u00f6nt\u00e9sek miel\u0151bbi meghozatal\u00e1ra. Eur\u00f3pa \u00e9lelmiszer termel\u00e9si strat\u00e9gi\u00e1ja nyom\u00e1s alatt \u00e1ll. Az orosz-ukr\u00e1n konfliktus arra k\u00e9szteti az eur\u00f3pai orsz\u00e1gokat, hogy a mez\u0151gazdas\u00e1gi termel\u00e9sben az \u00f6nell\u00e1t\u00e1st t\u00e1mogass\u00e1k, \u00e9s a korm\u00e1nyok m\u00e1r most is k\u00fczdenek az ipari mez\u0151gazdas\u00e1gi gyakorlatokb\u00f3l sz\u00e1rmaz\u00f3 magas termel\u00e9kenys\u00e9g, a k\u00f6rnyezetv\u00e9delem \u00e9s az \u00e9ghajlatv\u00e1ltoz\u00e1s k\u00f6z\u00f6tti egyens\u00faly megteremt\u00e9s\u00e9\u00e9rt. Ez a tanulm\u00e1ny azt mutatja, hogy most s\u00fcrg\u0151s cselekv\u00e9sre van sz\u00fcks\u00e9g az \u00e9lelmiszertermel\u00e9s \u00e9s \u00e1ltal\u00e1ban az eur\u00f3pai orsz\u00e1gok \u00e9letm\u00f3dj\u00e1nak megv\u00e1ltoztat\u00e1s\u00e1hoz, ha a mad\u00e1rpopul\u00e1ci\u00f3knak es\u00e9lyt akarunk adni a helyre\u00e1ll\u00e1sra” – \u00e1llap\u00edtja meg a tanulm\u00e1ny.<\/p>

A tanulm\u00e1ny rom\u00e1niai adatokon is alapul, amelyeket a Rom\u00e1n Mad\u00e1rtani Egyes\u00fclet<\/strong> a Milvus Csoport Egyes\u00fclettel<\/strong> k\u00f6z\u00f6sen gy\u0171jt\u00f6tt \u00f6ssze. A k\u00e9t szervezet imm\u00e1r 18 \u00e9ve v\u00e9gzi a Mindennapi Madarak Monitoringja<\/strong> elnevez\u00e9s\u0171 programot, amely keret\u00e9ben, \u00e9vente felm\u00e9rik rom\u00e1niai gyakori mad\u00e1rfajokat.\u00a0 A tanulm\u00e1nyban t\u00e1rsszerz\u0151k\u00e9nt koll\u00e9g\u00e1nk, Szab\u00f3 D. Zolt\u00e1n <\/strong>ornitol\u00f3gus is r\u00e9szt vett.<\/p>

A tanulm\u00e1ny eredm\u00e9nyeit nemr\u00e9g k\u00f6z\u00f6lt\u00e9k az amerikai Nemzeti Tudom\u00e1nyos Akad\u00e9mia foly\u00f3irat\u00e1ban, a PNAS<\/a><\/strong>-ben (The Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences), amely a vil\u00e1g egyik legrangosabb multidiszciplin\u00e1ris tudom\u00e1nyos foly\u00f3irata.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"A rovarirt\u00f3 szerek \u00e9s m\u0171tr\u00e1gy\u00e1k fokozott haszn\u00e1lata az eur\u00f3pai mad\u00e1rpopul\u00e1ci\u00f3k cs\u00f6kken\u00e9s\u00e9t hozta mag\u00e1val, k\u00fcl\u00f6n\u00f6sen a rovarokkal t\u00e1pl\u00e1lkoz\u00f3 fajok eset\u00e9ben. Erre a k\u00f6vetkeztet\u00e9sre jutottak a szak\u00e9rt\u0151k egy tanulm\u00e1nyban, amely 28 eur\u00f3pai orsz\u00e1g adatait elemezte.„Ez, a valaha gy\u0171jt\u00f6tt leg\u00e1tfog\u00f3bb adathalmaz, amely az \u00e9ghajlat \u00e9s a f\u00f6ldhaszn\u00e1lat-v\u00e1ltoz\u00e1s sz\u00e1mos param\u00e9ter\u00e9nek a mad\u00e1rpopul\u00e1ci\u00f3kra gyakorolt relat\u00edv hat\u00e1s\u00e1t m\u00e9ri. Gondoljunk csak bele: […]","protected":false},"author":17,"featured_media":38988,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"_eb_attr":"","ocean_post_layout":"","ocean_both_sidebars_style":"","ocean_both_sidebars_content_width":0,"ocean_both_sidebars_sidebars_width":0,"ocean_sidebar":"","ocean_second_sidebar":"","ocean_disable_margins":"enable","ocean_add_body_class":"","ocean_shortcode_before_top_bar":"","ocean_shortcode_after_top_bar":"","ocean_shortcode_before_header":"","ocean_shortcode_after_header":"","ocean_has_shortcode":"","ocean_shortcode_after_title":"","ocean_shortcode_before_footer_widgets":"","ocean_shortcode_after_footer_widgets":"","ocean_shortcode_before_footer_bottom":"","ocean_shortcode_after_footer_bottom":"","ocean_display_top_bar":"default","ocean_display_header":"default","ocean_header_style":"","ocean_center_header_left_menu":"","ocean_custom_header_template":"","ocean_custom_logo":0,"ocean_custom_retina_logo":0,"ocean_custom_logo_max_width":0,"ocean_custom_logo_tablet_max_width":0,"ocean_custom_logo_mobile_max_width":0,"ocean_custom_logo_max_height":0,"ocean_custom_logo_tablet_max_height":0,"ocean_custom_logo_mobile_max_height":0,"ocean_header_custom_menu":"","ocean_menu_typo_font_family":"","ocean_menu_typo_font_subset":"","ocean_menu_typo_font_size":0,"ocean_menu_typo_font_size_tablet":0,"ocean_menu_typo_font_size_mobile":0,"ocean_menu_typo_font_size_unit":"px","ocean_menu_typo_font_weight":"","ocean_menu_typo_font_weight_tablet":"","ocean_menu_typo_font_weight_mobile":"","ocean_menu_typo_transform":"","ocean_menu_typo_transform_tablet":"","ocean_menu_typo_transform_mobile":"","ocean_menu_typo_line_height":0,"ocean_menu_typo_line_height_tablet":0,"ocean_menu_typo_line_height_mobile":0,"ocean_menu_typo_line_height_unit":"","ocean_menu_typo_spacing":0,"ocean_menu_typo_spacing_tablet":0,"ocean_menu_typo_spacing_mobile":0,"ocean_menu_typo_spacing_unit":"","ocean_menu_link_color":"","ocean_menu_link_color_hover":"","ocean_menu_link_color_active":"","ocean_menu_link_background":"","ocean_menu_link_hover_background":"","ocean_menu_link_active_background":"","ocean_menu_social_links_bg":"","ocean_menu_social_hover_links_bg":"","ocean_menu_social_links_color":"","ocean_menu_social_hover_links_color":"","ocean_disable_title":"default","ocean_disable_heading":"default","ocean_post_title":"","ocean_post_subheading":"","ocean_post_title_style":"","ocean_post_title_background_color":"","ocean_post_title_background":0,"ocean_post_title_bg_image_position":"","ocean_post_title_bg_image_attachment":"","ocean_post_title_bg_image_repeat":"","ocean_post_title_bg_image_size":"","ocean_post_title_height":0,"ocean_post_title_bg_overlay":0.5,"ocean_post_title_bg_overlay_color":"","ocean_disable_breadcrumbs":"default","ocean_breadcrumbs_color":"","ocean_breadcrumbs_separator_color":"","ocean_breadcrumbs_links_color":"","ocean_breadcrumbs_links_hover_color":"","ocean_display_footer_widgets":"default","ocean_display_footer_bottom":"default","ocean_custom_footer_template":"","omw_enable_modal_window":"enable","osh_disable_topbar_sticky":"default","osh_disable_header_sticky":"default","osh_sticky_header_style":"default","osh_sticky_header_effect":"","osh_custom_sticky_logo":0,"osh_custom_retina_sticky_logo":0,"osh_custom_sticky_logo_height":0,"osh_background_color":"","osh_links_color":"","osh_links_hover_color":"","osh_links_active_color":"","osh_links_bg_color":"","osh_links_hover_bg_color":"","osh_links_active_bg_color":"","osh_menu_social_links_color":"","osh_menu_social_hover_links_color":"","ocean_post_oembed":"","ocean_post_self_hosted_media":"","ocean_post_video_embed":"","ocean_link_format":"","ocean_link_format_target":"self","ocean_quote_format":"","ocean_quote_format_link":"post","ocean_gallery_link_images":"off","ocean_gallery_id":[],"footnotes":""},"categories":[2],"tags":[4493,4226,4234,4470],"class_list":["post-38984","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-hirek","tag-mezogazdasag","tag-mindennapi-madarak-monitoringja","tag-monitoring-hu","tag-romania-madarai","entry","has-media","owp-thumbs-layout-horizontal","owp-btn-normal","owp-tabs-layout-horizontal","has-no-thumbnails","has-product-nav"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/milvus.ro\/hu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/38984","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/milvus.ro\/hu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/milvus.ro\/hu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/milvus.ro\/hu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/17"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/milvus.ro\/hu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=38984"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/milvus.ro\/hu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/38984\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":38992,"href":"https:\/\/milvus.ro\/hu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/38984\/revisions\/38992"}],"wp:fea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