A kutat\u00e1s igencsak \u00e1tfog\u00f3. K\u00e9t \u00e9vtized alatt bolyg\u00f3nk minden jelent\u0151s \u00e9l\u0151hely\u00e9r\u0151l gy\u0171jt\u00f6tt adatok seg\u00edts\u00e9g\u00e9vel azonos\u00edtott\u00e1k azt a glob\u00e1lis \u00e1tlagh\u0151m\u00e9rs\u00e9kleti hat\u00e1rt, amely felett a F\u00f6ld n\u00f6v\u00e9nyzet\u00e9nek sz\u00e9n-dioxid-megk\u00f6t\u0151 k\u00e9pess\u00e9ge (a \u201cland carbon sink\u201d folyamata) sz\u00e1mottev\u0151en cs\u00f6kken.<\/p>
A F\u00f6ld\u00f6n \u00e9l\u0151 k\u00fcl\u00f6nb\u00f6z\u0151 \u00e9l\u0151l\u00e9nyek sz\u00e9n-dioxidot bocs\u00e1tanak ki, majd ezt a n\u00f6v\u00e9nyek\u00a0 a fotoszint\u00e9zis \u00fatj\u00e1n megk\u00f6tik. \u00c9vmilli\u00f3k \u00f3ta e folyamat sor\u00e1n, a bioszf\u00e9ra t\u00f6bb karbont rakt\u00e1rozott el, mint amennyit kibocs\u00e1tott.<\/p> A Woodwell Kl\u00edmakutat\u00f3 K\u00f6zpont, az \u00c9szak-Arizoniai Egyetem (NAU) \u00e9s a Waikato Egyetem kutat\u00f3i arra lettek figyelmesek, hogy a k\u00e1nikul\u00e1k gyakoris\u00e1g\u00e1nak exponenci\u00e1lis n\u00f6veked\u00e9s\u00e9vel a fotoszint\u00e9zis intenzit\u00e1sa l\u00e9nyegesen v\u00e1ltozik. S\u0151t egy bizonyos h\u0151m\u00e9rs\u00e9klet f\u00f6l\u00f6tt, ak\u00e1r ellent\u00e9tes \u00e9rt\u00e9keket is mutathat a kibocs\u00e1tott \u00e9s felvett sz\u00e9n-dioxid ter\u00e9n: a kibocs\u00e1t\u00e1s m\u00e9rt\u00e9ke megn\u0151, m\u00edg a felv\u00e9tel \u00fcteme cs\u00f6kken.<\/p> A NAU kutat\u00f3ja, Dr. Katharyn Duffy elmond\u00e1sa szerint, a fotoszint\u00e9zis hat\u00e1sfoka egy adott h\u0151m\u00e9rs\u00e9klet felett jelent\u0151sen cs\u00f6kken,\u00a0 az \u00e9l\u0151helyt\u0151l \u00e9s az olyan \u00e9letfelt\u00e9telekt\u0151l f\u00fcggetlen\u00fcl, mint a napf\u00e9ny vagy v\u00edz.<\/p> \u201cF\u00f6ld\u00fcnk \u00e1lland\u00f3an emelked\u0151 l\u00e1zzal k\u00fczd, \u00e9s ahogy az emberi szervezetn\u00e9l is tudjuk, b\u00e1rmilyen biol\u00f3giai folyamat egy adott h\u0151m\u00e9rs\u00e9klet-intervallumban optim\u00e1lisan m\u0171k\u00f6dik, viszont a f\u00f6l\u00f6tt hat\u00e9konys\u00e1ga sz\u00e1mottev\u0151en romlik\u201d – mondta el Duffy. Kutat\u00e1sa sor\u00e1n meg\u00e1llap\u00edtotta a fotoszint\u00e9zist negat\u00edvan befoly\u00e1sol\u00f3 h\u0151m\u00e9rs\u00e9kleti k\u00fcsz\u00f6b\u00e9rt\u00e9ket. Ez az els\u0151 tanulm\u00e1ny, amely megfigyel\u00e9si adatokb\u00f3l glob\u00e1lis szinten \u00e9szleli a fotoszint\u00e9zis hat\u00e9konys\u00e1g\u00e1nak h\u0151m\u00e9rs\u00e9kleti hat\u00e1r\u00e9rt\u00e9k\u00e9t.<\/p> A kutat\u00e1s sor\u00e1n, a F\u00f6ld minden r\u00e9sz\u00e9r\u0151l gy\u0171jt\u00f6tt adatokat kieg\u00e9sz\u00edtett\u00e9k a Fluxnet \u00e1ltal szolg\u00e1ltatott mikrometeorol\u00f3giai \u00e9s az ezeket befoly\u00e1sol\u00f3 t\u00e9nyez\u0151k adataival.<\/p> A Fluxnet egy glob\u00e1lis, mikrometeorol\u00f3giai tornyokb\u00f3l \u00e1ll\u00f3 h\u00e1l\u00f3zat. A technol\u00f3gia n\u00e9pszer\u0171 az \u00f6kosziszt\u00e9ma \u00e9s az atmoszf\u00e9ra k\u00f6z\u00f6tti g\u00e1zcsere k\u00f6zvetlen megfigyel\u00e9s\u00e9re.<\/p> A kutat\u00f3k egy \u00faj n\u00e9z\u0151pontb\u00f3l k\u00f6zel\u00edtett\u00e9k meg a probl\u00e9m\u00e1t. Sz\u00e1m\u00edt\u00f3g\u00e9pes modell seg\u00edts\u00e9g\u00e9vel\u00a0 virtu\u00e1lis h\u0151hull\u00e1mok hat\u00e1s\u00e1t vizsg\u00e1lt\u00e1k a F\u00f6ld k\u00fcl\u00f6nb\u00f6z\u0151 \u00e9letk\u00f6z\u00f6ss\u00e9geiben. Az \u00edgy kapott eredm\u00e9nyek aggaszt\u00f3ak, hiszen a k\u00fcl\u00f6nb\u00f6z\u0151 n\u00f6v\u00e9nyek hat\u00e9kony sz\u00e9n-dioxid-megk\u00f6t\u0151 k\u00e9pess\u00e9g\u00e9nek h\u0151m\u00e9rs\u00e9kleti hat\u00e1r\u00e1t sok helyen m\u00e1r \u00e1tl\u00e9pt\u00fck. P\u00e9ld\u00e1ul a C3 n\u00f6v\u00e9nyek (ilyen a krumpli, rizs, napraforg\u00f3) eset\u00e9ben ez az \u00e9rt\u00e9k 18 0C, m\u00edg a C4-esekn\u00e9l (pl. kukorica, cukorn\u00e1d, anan\u00e1sz) a hat\u00e1r 28 0C. Ezzel szemben az is kider\u00fclt, hogy ugyan a n\u00f6v\u00e9nyek l\u00e9gz\u00e9s\u00e9nek m\u00e9rt\u00e9ke nem f\u00fcgg a h\u0151m\u00e9rs\u00e9klett\u0151l, de mivel a fotoszint\u00e9zis hat\u00e9konys\u00e1ga cs\u00f6kken, n\u00f6v\u00e9nyek netto oxig\u00e9n kibocs\u00e1t\u00e1sa cs\u00f6kken. Ezzel pedig felborul az \u00f6kol\u00f3giai egyens\u00faly.<\/p> \u201cA k\u00fcl\u00f6nb\u00f6z\u0151 n\u00f6v\u00e9nyfajok elt\u00e9r\u0151 hat\u00e1r\u00e9rt\u00e9kkel rendelkeznek, de az eredm\u00e9ny ugyanaz mindenhol: a fotoszint\u00e9zis min\u0151s\u00e9g\u00e9nek roml\u00e1sa\u201d – k\u00f6z\u00f6lte a cikk\u00a0 t\u00e1rsszerz\u0151je, George Koch.<\/p> A f\u00f6ldi bioszf\u00e9ra 10%-a m\u00e1r a k\u00fcsz\u00f6b\u00e9rt\u00e9k feletti \u00e1tlagh\u0151m\u00e9rs\u00e9kleten \u00e9l. Ha pedig a kl\u00edma ebben az \u00fctemben v\u00e1ltozik, 2050-re a n\u00f6v\u00e9nyek 50 sz\u00e1zal\u00e9ka fog. A vil\u00e1g sz\u00e9n-dioxid megk\u00f6t\u0151i k\u00f6z\u00fcl a tr\u00f3pusi es\u0151erd\u0151k, az orosz tajga \u00e9s\u00a0 D\u00e9lkelet-\u00c1zsia es\u0151erd\u0151i –\u00a0 lesznek az els\u0151k, amelyek el\u00e9rhetik ezt a k\u00fcsz\u00f6b\u00e9rt\u00e9ket. Ha ez bek\u00f6vetkezik, a n\u00f6v\u00e9nyek m\u00e1r nem fogj\u00e1k tudni hat\u00e9konyan ell\u00e1tni sz\u00e9n-dioxid megk\u00f6t\u0151 feladatukat, s ez a F\u00f6ld \u00f6kol\u00f3giai rendszer\u00e9ben bel\u00e1thatatlan k\u00f6vetkezm\u00e9nyeket sz\u00fclhet.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"\u00cdrta Bokor Bal\u00e1zsAz ember \u00e1ltal okozott sz\u00e9n-dioxid-terhel\u00e9s egyharmad\u00e1t a n\u00f6v\u00e9nyi szervezetek k\u00f6tik meg. A kl\u00edmav\u00e1ltoz\u00e1s egyre nagyobb hat\u00e1st gyakorol az \u00e9ghajlatra. Ez pedig a n\u00f6v\u00e9nyek anyagcser\u00e9j\u00e9ben is megl\u00e1tszik. A Science Advances foly\u00f3iratban megjelent kutat\u00e1s szerint, ennek k\u00f6vetkezt\u00e9ben, az elk\u00f6vetkez\u0151 k\u00e9t \u00e9vtizedben ak\u00e1r fel\u00e9re cs\u00f6kkenhet a n\u00f6v\u00e9nyek sz\u00e9n-dioxid-megk\u00f6t\u0151 k\u00e9pess\u00e9ge.A kutat\u00e1s igencsak \u00e1tfog\u00f3. K\u00e9t \u00e9vtized alatt bolyg\u00f3nk 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