{"id":13536,"date":"2020-09-16T10:30:32","date_gmt":"2020-09-16T08:30:32","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/new.milvus.ro\/?page_id=13536"},"modified":"2020-12-04T15:53:55","modified_gmt":"2020-12-04T13:53:55","slug":"sicista","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/milvus.ro\/hu\/proiecte\/sicista\/","title":{"rendered":"Hi\u00faz"},"content":{"rendered":"
\"\"<\/a><\/figure>

Eg\u00e9sz Eur\u00e1zsi\u00e1ban megtal\u00e1lhat\u00f3 fajunk ink\u00e1bb \u00e9szakon \u00e9s a magashegys\u00e9gekben honos. Nagy kiterjed\u00e9s\u0171 h\u00e1bor\u00edtatlan ter\u00fcleteken t\u00e1vol az embert\u0151l \u00e9rzi j\u00f3l mag\u00e1t. Nyugat-Eur\u00f3p\u00e1t\u00f3l eg\u00e9szen \u00c1zsia legkeletibb cs\u00fccsk\u00e9ig is megtal\u00e1lhat\u00f3. Egy j\u00f3l elk\u00fcl\u00f6n\u00fcl\u0151 skandin\u00e1v-orosz-k\u00f6z\u00e9p-\u00e1zsiai \u00e1llom\u00e1nyon k\u00edv\u00fcl csak elterjed\u00e9s\u00e9nek hat\u00e1rsz\u00e9lein sz\u00f3rv\u00e1nyos. Eur\u00f3p\u00e1ban is gyakori ragadoz\u00f3nak sz\u00e1m\u00edt \u00fajabban, hisz sok helyre vissza telep\u00edtett\u00e9k (mint pl. az Alpokba) m\u00e1r, \u00e9s folyamatos az \u00e9rdekl\u0151d\u00e9se azon orsz\u00e1goknak is a visszatelep\u00edt\u00e9s ir\u00e1ny\u00e1ba, ahol m\u00e1r r\u00e9g kihalt.
Az 57\/2007-es s\u00fcrg\u0151ss\u00e9gi korm\u00e1nyrendelet alapj\u00e1n a hi\u00faz szigor\u00faan v\u00e9dett fajnak sz\u00e1m\u00edt Rom\u00e1ni\u00e1ban, vad\u00e1szat\u00e1t 2012 \u00f3ta b\u00e1rmilyen c\u00e9lb\u00f3l tiltj\u00e1k. Rom\u00e1ni\u00e1ban a 2012-es adatok szerint hozz\u00e1vet\u0151legesen 1500 egyedet sz\u00e1molhattak a vad\u00e1szok, \u00f6sszesen 551 vad\u00e1szter\u00fcletr\u0151l. A felm\u00e9r\u00e9st a vad\u00e1szt\u00e1rsas\u00e1gok k\u00e9sz\u00edtett\u00e9k. K\u00f6zben az \u00e1llat vad\u00e1szat\u00e1t betiltott\u00e1k, \u00e9s a vad\u00e1szok nem fektettek hangs\u00falyt a megsz\u00e1mol\u00e1sukra k\u00f6zvetlen \u00e9rdek hi\u00e1nya miatt. T\u00e9rs\u00e9g\u00fcnkben minden becs\u00fcletes hegyvid\u00e9kkel rendelkez\u0151 orsz\u00e1gban megtal\u00e1lhat\u00f3 kisebb nagyobb egyedsz\u00e1mmal.
Mag\u00e1nyos \u00e9letm\u00f3djukb\u00f3l kifoly\u00f3lag, nem t\u0171rik meg a ter\u00fclet\u00fckre belopakod\u00f3 fiatal h\u00edmeket \u00e9s n\u00e9ha elpuszt\u00edtja a n\u0151st\u00e9nyek k\u00f6lykeit is. A hi\u00faz nagyon ritka esetben h\u00e1rom-n\u00e9gy, \u00e1tlagban egy-k\u00e9t ut\u00f3dot nevel, ahol ritka, hogy az \u00f6sszes egyed meg\u00e9ri az ivar\u00e9rett kort.<\/p><\/div><\/div>

\"\"<\/a><\/figure>

A legnagyobb vesz\u00e9lyt a hi\u00fazra m\u00e9gis az emberi tev\u00e9kenys\u00e9g jelenti. Rohamos \u00e9s \u00e1tl\u00e1thatatlan fejl\u0151d\u00e9s\u00fcnk eredm\u00e9nyek\u00e9ppen cs\u00f6kkennek \u00e9s elszigetel\u0151dnek \u00e9l\u0151helyeik. Jelenleg a vadel\u00fct\u00e9sek mellett m\u00e9gis az orvvad\u00e1szat \u00e9s a legeltet\u00e9s m\u00e9rs\u00e9kl\u0151d\u00e9s\u00e9vel felszaporod\u00f3 p\u00e1sztorkutya \u00e1llom\u00e1ny jelenti a legnagyobb vesz\u00e9lyt a fajra n\u00e9zve. A faj v\u00e9delm\u00e9t csak akkor siker\u00fcl biztos\u00edtani orsz\u00e1gos szinten, ha a meglev\u0151 Natura 2000-es k\u00f6z\u00f6ss\u00e9gi \u00e9rdekelts\u00e9g\u0171 v\u00e9dett ter\u00fcletek (SCI-k) kezel\u00e9si tervei \u00e9rv\u00e9nyes\u00fcl\u00e9st nyern\u00e9nek, a meghat\u00e1rozott fajv\u00e9delmi int\u00e9zked\u00e9seket szolg\u00e1l\u00f3 ir\u00e1nyelveknek megfelel\u0151en.<\/p>\n\n

A hi\u00fazok hatalmas otthonter\u00fclete miatt (al\u00edg 1-3 egyed \u00e9l egy 100 km2-es ter\u00fcleten) megfigyel\u00e9s\u00fck szinte lehetetlen non-invaz\u00edv kutat\u00e1si m\u00f3dszerek n\u00e9lk\u00fcl. Legt\u00f6bb modern felm\u00e9r\u00e9si m\u00f3dszer az egyeds\u0171r\u0171s\u00e9g\u00fck meghat\u00e1roz\u00e1s\u00e1ra alkalmas mozg\u00e1s\u00e9rz\u00e9kel\u0151 kamer\u00e1s fog\u00e1s-visszafog\u00e1s m\u00f3dszer\u00e9t alkalmazza, mivel bundamint\u00e1zatuk egyedi beazonos\u00edt\u00e1sa lehets\u00e9ges. Ezt a m\u00f3dszert kipr\u00f3b\u00e1lva \u201eA Fels\u0151-Maros szoros nat\u00farpark \u00e9s csatlakoz\u00f3 v\u00e9dett ter\u00fcletei fajainak \u00e9s \u00e9l\u0151helyeinek fellelt\u00e1roz\u00e1sa, felt\u00e9rk\u00e9pez\u00e9se \u00e9s term\u00e9szetv\u00e9delmi helyzet\u00fck felm\u00e9r\u00e9se\u201d c\u00edm\u0171, az Eur\u00f3pai Region\u00e1lis Fejleszt\u00e9si Alap K\u00f6rnyezeti Programja (POS Mediu) \u00e1ltal finansz\u00edrozott projekt keret\u00e9ben lehet\u0151s\u00e9g\u00fcnk volt, hogy felm\u00e9rhess\u00fck a Kelemen-G\u00f6rg\u00e9nyi-havasok (ROSCI0019) Natura 2000-es ter\u00fclet hi\u00faz\u00e1llom\u00e1ny\u00e1t. Mintegy 600 km2-es ter\u00fcleten 100 mozg\u00e1s\u00e9rz\u00e9kel\u0151 fot\u00f3csapd\u00e1t haszn\u00e1ltunk p\u00e1rban 45 \u00e1lland\u00f3 helyen. Az egym\u00e1ssal szembeford\u00edtott kamer\u00e1k szerencs\u00e9s esetben a hi\u00fazok mindk\u00e9t oldal\u00e1r\u00f3l k\u00e9sz\u00edtett\u00e9k a felv\u00e9teleket. Ez a m\u00f3dszer \u00edgy lehet\u0151v\u00e9 tette, hogy bund\u00e1juk egy\u00e9ni mint\u00e1zata alapj\u00e1n egyedileg azonos\u00edtsuk a hi\u00fazokat. 57 alkalommal siker\u00fclt lencsev\u00e9gre kapnunk \u00edgy a hi\u00fazokat, ebb\u0151l 7 egyedet tudtunk biztosan beazonos\u00edtani (az \u00e1llat mindk\u00e9t oldala lefot\u00f3zva egyid\u0151ben); 11 egyedr\u0151l csak egyoldalas felv\u00e9telek k\u00e9sz\u00fcltek. Az eredm\u00e9nyeink \u00e9s a felm\u00e9r\u00e9s sikeress\u00e9ge azt is bizony\u00edtotta, hogy j\u00f3 \u00e1llapot\u00fa \u00e9l\u0151helyet siker\u00fclt beazonos\u00edtanunk a Keleti-K\u00e1rp\u00e1tokban. Ugyanakkor Rom\u00e1ni\u00e1ban a hi\u00fazok kutat\u00e1s\u00e1nak egy alternat\u00edv m\u00f3dszer\u00e9t mutattuk be, amelyet vil\u00e1g-szerte nagy sikerrel alkalmaznak.<\/p><\/div><\/div>

\"\"<\/a><\/figure>
\"\"<\/a><\/figure>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"Eg\u00e9sz Eur\u00e1zsi\u00e1ban megtal\u00e1lhat\u00f3 fajunk ink\u00e1bb \u00e9szakon \u00e9s a magashegys\u00e9gekben honos. Nagy kiterjed\u00e9s\u0171 h\u00e1bor\u00edtatlan ter\u00fcleteken t\u00e1vol az embert\u0151l \u00e9rzi j\u00f3l mag\u00e1t. Nyugat-Eur\u00f3p\u00e1t\u00f3l eg\u00e9szen \u00c1zsia legkeletibb cs\u00fccsk\u00e9ig is megtal\u00e1lhat\u00f3. Egy j\u00f3l elk\u00fcl\u00f6n\u00fcl\u0151 skandin\u00e1v-orosz-k\u00f6z\u00e9p-\u00e1zsiai \u00e1llom\u00e1nyon k\u00edv\u00fcl csak elterjed\u00e9s\u00e9nek hat\u00e1rsz\u00e9lein sz\u00f3rv\u00e1nyos. Eur\u00f3p\u00e1ban is gyakori ragadoz\u00f3nak sz\u00e1m\u00edt \u00fajabban, hisz sok helyre vissza telep\u00edtett\u00e9k (mint pl. az Alpokba) m\u00e1r, \u00e9s folyamatos […]","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":13547,"parent":17382,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"_eb_attr":"","ocean_post_layout":"","ocean_both_sidebars_style":"","ocean_both_sidebars_content_width":0,"ocean_both_sidebars_sidebars_width":0,"ocean_sidebar":"0","ocean_second_sidebar":"0","ocean_disable_margins":"enable","ocean_add_body_class":"","ocean_shortcode_before_top_bar":"","ocean_shortcode_after_top_bar":"","ocean_shortcode_before_header":"","ocean_shortcode_after_header":"","ocean_has_shortcode":"","ocean_shortcode_after_title":"","ocean_shortcode_before_footer_widgets":"","ocean_shortcode_after_footer_widgets":"","ocean_shortcode_before_footer_bottom":"","ocean_shortcode_after_footer_bottom":"","ocean_display_top_bar":"default","ocean_display_header":"default","ocean_header_style":"","ocean_center_header_left_menu":"0","ocean_custom_header_template":"0","ocean_custom_logo":0,"ocean_custom_retina_logo":0,"ocean_custom_logo_max_width":0,"ocean_custom_logo_tablet_max_width":0,"ocean_custom_logo_mobile_max_width":0,"ocean_custom_logo_max_height":0,"ocean_custom_logo_tablet_max_height":0,"ocean_custom_logo_mobile_max_height":0,"ocean_header_custom_menu":"0","ocean_menu_typo_font_family":"0","ocean_menu_typo_font_subset":"","ocean_menu_typo_font_size":0,"ocean_menu_typo_font_size_tablet":0,"ocean_menu_typo_font_size_mobile":0,"ocean_menu_typo_font_size_unit":"px","ocean_menu_typo_font_weight":"","ocean_menu_typo_font_weight_tablet":"","ocean_menu_typo_font_weight_mobile":"","ocean_menu_typo_transform":"","ocean_menu_typo_transform_tablet":"","ocean_menu_typo_transform_mobile":"","ocean_menu_typo_line_height":0,"ocean_menu_typo_line_height_tablet":0,"ocean_menu_typo_line_height_mobile":0,"ocean_menu_typo_line_height_unit":"","ocean_menu_typo_spacing":0,"ocean_menu_typo_spacing_tablet":0,"ocean_menu_typo_spacing_mobile":0,"ocean_menu_typo_spacing_unit":"","ocean_menu_link_color":"","ocean_menu_link_color_hover":"","ocean_menu_link_color_active":"","ocean_menu_link_background":"","ocean_menu_link_hover_background":"","ocean_menu_link_active_background":"","ocean_menu_social_links_bg":"","ocean_menu_social_hover_links_bg":"","ocean_menu_social_links_color":"","ocean_menu_social_hover_links_color":"","ocean_disable_title":"default","ocean_disable_heading":"default","ocean_post_title":"","ocean_post_subheading":"","ocean_post_title_style":"","ocean_post_title_background_color":"","ocean_post_title_background":0,"ocean_post_title_bg_image_position":"","ocean_post_title_bg_image_attachment":"","ocean_post_title_bg_image_repeat":"","ocean_post_title_bg_image_size":"","ocean_post_title_height":0,"ocean_post_title_bg_overlay":0.5,"ocean_post_title_bg_overlay_color":"","ocean_disable_breadcrumbs":"default","ocean_breadcrumbs_color":"","ocean_breadcrumbs_separator_color":"","ocean_breadcrumbs_links_color":"","ocean_breadcrumbs_links_hover_color":"","ocean_display_footer_widgets":"default","ocean_display_footer_bottom":"default","ocean_custom_footer_template":"0","omw_enable_modal_window":"enable","osh_disable_topbar_sticky":"default","osh_disable_header_sticky":"default","osh_sticky_header_style":"default","osh_sticky_header_effect":"","osh_custom_sticky_logo":0,"osh_custom_retina_sticky_logo":0,"osh_custom_sticky_logo_height":0,"osh_background_color":"","osh_links_color":"","osh_links_hover_color":"","osh_links_active_color":"","osh_links_bg_color":"","osh_links_hover_bg_color":"","osh_links_active_bg_color":"","osh_menu_social_links_color":"","osh_menu_social_hover_links_color":"","footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-13536","page","type-page","status-publish","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","entry","has-media","owp-thumbs-layout-horizontal","owp-btn-normal","owp-tabs-layout-horizontal","has-no-thumbnails","has-product-nav"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/milvus.ro\/hu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/13536","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/milvus.ro\/hu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/milvus.ro\/hu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/milvus.ro\/hu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/milvus.ro\/hu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=13536"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/milvus.ro\/hu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/13536\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":13550,"href":"https:\/\/milvus.ro\/hu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/13536\/revisions\/13550"}],"up":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/milvus.ro\/hu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/17382"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/milvus.ro\/hu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/13547"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/milvus.ro\/hu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=13536"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}